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Camacho v. Major League Baseball

United States District Court for the Southern District of California · 2013 · Civil Procedure
Civil ProcedureRequired JoinderRule 19Rule 12(b)(7)Rule 12(b)(7)Rule 19necessary partyindispensable party

Facts

Plaintiffs alleged that Major League Baseball prevented Pesqueira from training and playing with the Boston Red Sox on the ground that he belonged to a Mexican League team and was on the Mexican League reserve list. Plaintiffs contended that the supposed contracts between Pesqueira and the Diablos Rojos (Red Devils) were invalid because Pesqueira was a minor when they were executed or because the signatures were fraudulent. The complaint sought, among other relief, a declaration whether Pesqueira was bound to the Red Devils. The Red Devils and the Mexican League were not joined as parties.

Issue

Whether the Red Devils and the Mexican League were required parties under Rule 19 in an action whose central premise was that Pesqueira's alleged contracts with the Red Devils were invalid, and if so whether the action had to be dismissed because joinder was not feasible and those absent parties were indispensable.

Rule

Under Rule 19, a court asks whether an absent party is necessary, whether joinder is feasible, and if not, whether the absent party is indispensable. A party is necessary if complete relief cannot be granted in its absence, if it has a legally protected interest that may be impaired or impeded by the suit, or if proceeding without it creates a substantial risk of multiple or inconsistent obligations; and a party to a contract is necessary, and if joinder is not feasible, indispensable, in litigation seeking to invalidate or decimate that contract.

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One of 10 multiple-choice questions for this case. Pick an answer to see why.
In federal court in Denver, Noah Bennett sues Summit Pro Cycling, alleging tortious interference after the league barred him from racing for a Colorado team because it treated him as bound to a prior agreement with Alpine Velo Club, a club based in Chile. Noah's complaint seeks damages and a declaration that the Alpine Velo agreement is void because his signature was forged. Alpine Velo Club is not joined.

Which is the strongest argument that Alpine Velo Club is a required party under Rule 19(a)?

Explanation. Rule 19(a) asks whether the absent party has a legally protected interest that may be impaired or whether proceeding risks multiple or inconsistent obligations. The majority opinion emphasized that a party to a contract is necessary where the suit effectively seeks to invalidate or decimate that contract. A mere financial stake is not enough, joint tortfeasors are not automatically required, and declaratory relief does not categorically require joinder of everyone mentioned.