Topolewski v. State

Supreme Court of Wisconsin · 1906 · Criminal Law
130 Wis. 244 (1906)
Updated
Criminal Lawlarcenyconsenttrespassnonconsentowner consentdecoyentrapment-like conduct

Facts

The packing company's agent, Dolan, acting to trap the accused, arranged with him for the accused to take barrels of the company's meat from the loading platform. The company packed and placed the barrels on the platform knowing the accused would soon arrive, and its platform boss was told the barrels were for a man who would call for them. When the accused arrived, the platform boss stood by while the barrels were loaded, helped arrange the wagon, and treated the accused as entitled to take them. The accused was then prosecuted for larceny of the meat.

Issue

Whether a defendant commits larceny when the owner, through its agents, not only knows of the planned taking but helps arrange it and in practical effect delivers the property to the defendant in order to entrap him. More specifically, the question was whether such conduct removes the trespass or nonconsent element essential to larceny.

Rule

There can be no larceny without a trespass, and thus without the owner's nonconsent. An owner may passively furnish an opportunity for a would-be thief to carry out a preexisting design, but if the owner or the owner's agent actually or constructively aids in the commission of the offense by performing, facilitating, or rendering unnecessary an act essential to the taking, or by delivering the property, the element of trespass is absent and larceny is not consummated.

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One of 10 multiple-choice questions for this case. Pick an answer to see why.
In Milwaukee, Nora Finch owns a small warehouse. After learning that Devin Cole plans to slip in and take copper wire if he ever finds it unattended near the rear door, Nora leaves several spools there overnight and tells her staff only to stay out of sight; no one speaks to Devin or helps him when he arrives and carries the wire away.

If Devin is prosecuted for larceny, what is the best argument that the offense was completed?

Explanation. Larceny requires a trespassory taking, meaning a taking without the owner's consent. The owner may set a trap and make the theft easy so long as the owner remains passive and does not aid in an essential part of the taking. Here Nora only placed the property where Devin could take it and did not assist, solicit, or deliver it to him. That preserves the element of nonconsent, so larceny is complete.