State v. Sibley

Supreme Court of Missouri · 1895 · Evidence
131 Mo. 519 & 132 Mo. 102 (1895)
Updated
Evidencehearsaycorroborationres gestaeletters as admissionscare or protectionstepfatherstatutory construction

Facts

Defendant married Lula Hawkins's mother when Lula was about nine years old, thereafter clothed her, sent her to school, and kept her as a member of his household. Lula testified that defendant repeatedly had forcible sexual intercourse with her while she lived in the home and that she later became pregnant and delivered a stillborn child, which she said was defendant's. The state introduced several letters connected to defendant and also introduced testimony from a witness recounting Lula's out-of-court statements made while defendant was absent. Defendant denied intercourse, denied that Lula was in his care or control, and challenged the evidentiary rulings.

Issue

Whether the evidence was sufficient to show that Lula had been confided to defendant's care or protection within the meaning of the statute, and whether the trial court erred in admitting certain letters and hearsay statements. The case also addressed the admissibility of evidence concerning other acts of illicit intercourse and impeachment evidence regarding defendant's character for chastity.

Rule

Under the statute, a female under eighteen may be found to have been confided to a person's care or protection from the surrounding facts and circumstances; an express contract or agreement is not required. A writing prepared by the defendant at another's request, concerning matters affecting him and known by him in content, is admissible against him as his act, but a writing not shown to have been written, approved, or known by him is not. Out-of-court accusatory statements made in the defendant's absence and not part of the res gestae are inadmissible hearsay and cannot be admitted merely to corroborate the prosecuting witness.

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One of 10 multiple-choice questions for this case. Pick an answer to see why.
In Springfield, Missouri, Darren Cole married Mia Torres when her daughter Elena was eight. For the next five years, Elena lived in Darren's home, he bought her clothes, paid her school fees, and set household rules for her, but no court ever appointed him guardian and no one signed any written caregiving agreement.

If prosecutors must prove Elena was confided to Darren's care or protection under a statute covering sexual misconduct by a person entrusted with a female under eighteen, which is the strongest analysis?

Explanation. The majority held that confiding need not arise from an express contract or formal appointment. It may be inferred from surrounding facts showing the defendant assumed control, support, and protection of the minor as a member of his household.